Network Security

1) Network Security is a specialized field in computer networking that involves securing a computer network infrastructure [1]. Computer is a general purpose device that can be programmed to carry out a finite set of arithmetic or logical operations [2]. Network is a group of two or more computer systems linked together [3]. Computer and network systems are used mainly for processing data and storing or distributing them. In most of the cases, data is regarded as a valuable asset. Hence, Network Security is always an important concern in the development and maintenance of any computer or network system.

2) Computer Network is actually a complicated subject because it involves an arrangement of various hardware, software and communication resources. This arrangement is often referred as Network Infrastructure. Typically, network infrastructure includes [4]:

• Networking Hardware: Routers, switches, LAN cards, wireless routers, cables, etc.
• Networking Software: Network operations and management, operating systems, a firewall and network security applications
• Network Services: T-1 Line, DSL, satellite, wireless, protocols, IP addressing, etc.

3) There are four factors that lead to Network Security issues, namely risk, threat, vulnerability and exploits. The term “risk” refers to the likelihood of a computer or network system is compromised because of any circumstance or event. The term “threat” refers to the source and means of  the circumstance or event. The term “vulnerability” refers to the security flaws in a system that allow the circumstance or event to give impact to the system. The term "exploit" refers to the way or tool by which an attacker uses a vulnerability to cause damage to the target system.  By studying these factors against key areas of Network Infrastructure, organizations would be able to strengthen the Network Security aspects.

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References:
[1] http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/N/network_security.html
[2] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer
[3] http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/N/network.html
[4] http://www.techopedia.com/definition/16955/network-infrastructure